The posterior tibial artery (PTBA) is one of 2 branches of the large femoral artery (the largest artery in the body, after the spinal cord) that supply blood and oxygen to the posterior portions of both legs. It originates in the upper shin bone above the ankle and passes through the knee cap, the outer side of the heel, and down the anterior aspect of the foot, joining the right upper leg and ankle. It is followed by the posterior tibial artery, along its course to the lateral portion of the shin bone. The third artery, the gluteal artery, passes through the inner side of both legs. The function of these arteries is to provide blood and oxygen to the muscles of the legs.
The PTA originates and branches out from a pair of posterolateral called the peroneal artery and the peroneal nerve. These arteries and their associated nerves make up the major structure of your lower limb. The peroneal artery originates in the upper shin bone and supplies blood and oxygen to the front part of your leg. The peroneal nerve supplies the nerves in your leg to different parts of your body. They are separated into 2 groups: the large motor nerve (the muscles of your thighs and hips), and the smaller muscle group that supply nerves to the toes and fingers. The posterior tibial artery originates near the lateral crural compartment, which supplies nerves to the internal organs in your leg.
There are several structures of the soleus muscles. The plantar fascia is the strongest muscle in your body. It originates under the soleus and attaches to the top of your foot through the fascia. The tendon inserts onto the fascia through the length of its insertion area. The muscle then compresses the arch of your foot through the stretching of this muscle.
A person with flat feet has a high risk for developing disorders of the medial malleolar groove. This occurs when the medial malleolar muscles contract on the sides of your foot while you walk. The result is that your foot rolls inwards, causing pain in your shins, and also in your knees and calves. A flat-footed person will have a similar problem, but in his case it will be more apparent because the problem is not under the soleus muscle.
A person with a high risk of developing a disorder of the retrobulbar arteriovenous system, called varicose veins, has a defect in the venous blood supply to his legs. This venous defect causes arteriosclerosis, a condition where the circulation of blood is abnormal in legs that are flat, weak, or obese. The abnormal venous circulation is caused by a defective venous valve, which doesn’t close properly, or a low wall thickness in the valves. The result is a build up of lymphoid tissue in the legs. The abnormal venous condition is the cause of venous hypertension, which causes pain in the leg arteries, which flow through the femoral artery and the medial malleolar artery.
An abnormal anatomy can also cause the development of venous insufficiency, through anatomical variations in anatomy, caused by the accumulation of varicose veins in areas other than the femoral artery. The medical name for this condition is Popliteus Muscle Disease. An abnormal anatomy can also cause the development of peritoneal mesothelioma, through anatomical variations in anatomy, caused by the accumulation of filaments of fat in areas other than the abdominal aorta. The medical name for this condition is Peritoneal Mesothelioma. An abnormal anatomy can also cause varicose vein syndrome, through anatomical variations in anatomy, caused by the accumulation of varicose veins in areas other than the rectum.
Patients with the conditions described above may experience intermittent discomfort with bowel movements, especially at night. This is usually due to a lack of proper circulation through the posterior tibial artery, and is commonly called “drip-feeding syndrome.” Other symptoms of this condition include pain in the leg arteries, the presence of varicose veins, and a feeling of heaviness in the feet or legs.
Physical examination does not always show conclusive evidence of venous disease. Blood tests are necessary in order to make the correct diagnosis. The most common test is the computerized tomography scan, or CTS. This test shows the location of disease by using magnetic resonance imaging. However, blood tests are more reliable for diagnosing many types of fibular disorders, including posterior tibial artery gives the best results in confirming the diagnosis of PT obstruction, especially if it is found at an early stage.